How to Choose a Domain Extension
A step-by-step framework for picking the right TLD — without overthinking it.
Step 1: Define your audience
- Global / no specific country → gTLD (
.com,.net,.org,.dev,.app, etc.) - One primary country → that country's ccTLD (
.uk,.de,.fr,.jp, etc.) - Multiple countries → gTLD with subdirectories (
example.com/uk/,example.com/de/) or subdomains, plus hreflang.
Step 2: Consider trust & familiarity
.com is still the gold standard for trust. Users instinctively type .com. If you're building a consumer brand, get the .com if you can.
For tech/developer audiences, .io, .dev, .app, .ai are well-recognised. For non-profits, .org signals mission-driven work.
Step 3: Check registration requirements
Before falling in love with a TLD, verify you can actually register it:
- Open gTLDs (
.com,.net,.dev,.app) — anyone, anywhere. - Restricted gTLDs (
.biz,.pro,.name) — eligibility rules apply. - Open ccTLDs (
.ai,.io,.co,.me,.tv) — usually open globally. - Restricted ccTLDs (
.fr,.de,.jp,.ca,.au) — local presence, trademark, or paperwork required.
Use our TLD directory to check the manager and official URL for any TLD.
Step 4: Evaluate total cost of ownership
| Cost factor | What to check |
|---|---|
| First-year price | Promo pricing often applies only to year 1. |
| Renewal price | The real recurring cost — can be 3–10× the promo. |
| Transfer fee | Usually one year renewal; some registrars charge extra. |
| Privacy/WHOIS | Free at most registrars; some charge. |
| Premium tier | Some TLDs have premium names priced higher. |
Always compare renewal prices, not first-year promos.
Step 5: Check technical requirements
.dev,.app,.page— require HTTPS (HSTS preloaded). Your site must have a valid TLS certificate..bank,.insurance— strict security requirements, manual vetting.- Some ccTLDs require specific name server configurations or DNSSEC.
Step 6: Protect your brand
If you register example.com, consider registering:
example.net,example.org,example.io— common alternatives.- Relevant ccTLDs for your target markets.
- Common misspellings if budget allows.
Use a single registrar for easier management.
Decision checklist
- ☐ Audience: global vs country-specific?
- ☐ Trust: is
.comavailable? If not, which alternative feels credible? - ☐ Eligibility: can I legally register this TLD?
- ☐ Cost: what's the 5-year total (renewal × 5)?
- ☐ Technical: any HTTPS/DNSSEC/other requirements?
- ☐ Brand protection: which defensive registrations make sense?
Common scenarios
| Scenario | Recommended primary | Defensive / alternatives |
|---|---|---|
| Global SaaS startup | .com | .io, .dev, .app |
| UK local business | .co.uk or .uk | .com |
| Personal blog/portfolio | .me, .name, .com | .dev (if dev) |
| Non-profit/NGO | .org | .com, .ngo |
| AI/ML company | .ai (if .com taken) | .com, .io |
| Open source project | .dev, .io, .org | .com |