How to Choose a Domain Extension

A step-by-step framework for picking the right TLD — without overthinking it.

Step 1: Define your audience

  • Global / no specific country → gTLD (.com, .net, .org, .dev, .app, etc.)
  • One primary country → that country's ccTLD (.uk, .de, .fr, .jp, etc.)
  • Multiple countries → gTLD with subdirectories (example.com/uk/, example.com/de/) or subdomains, plus hreflang.

Step 2: Consider trust & familiarity

.com is still the gold standard for trust. Users instinctively type .com. If you're building a consumer brand, get the .com if you can.

For tech/developer audiences, .io, .dev, .app, .ai are well-recognised. For non-profits, .org signals mission-driven work.

Step 3: Check registration requirements

Before falling in love with a TLD, verify you can actually register it:

  • Open gTLDs (.com, .net, .dev, .app) — anyone, anywhere.
  • Restricted gTLDs (.biz, .pro, .name) — eligibility rules apply.
  • Open ccTLDs (.ai, .io, .co, .me, .tv) — usually open globally.
  • Restricted ccTLDs (.fr, .de, .jp, .ca, .au) — local presence, trademark, or paperwork required.

Use our TLD directory to check the manager and official URL for any TLD.

Step 4: Evaluate total cost of ownership

Cost factorWhat to check
First-year pricePromo pricing often applies only to year 1.
Renewal priceThe real recurring cost — can be 3–10× the promo.
Transfer feeUsually one year renewal; some registrars charge extra.
Privacy/WHOISFree at most registrars; some charge.
Premium tierSome TLDs have premium names priced higher.

Always compare renewal prices, not first-year promos.

Step 5: Check technical requirements

  • .dev, .app, .page — require HTTPS (HSTS preloaded). Your site must have a valid TLS certificate.
  • .bank, .insurance — strict security requirements, manual vetting.
  • Some ccTLDs require specific name server configurations or DNSSEC.

Step 6: Protect your brand

If you register example.com, consider registering:

  • example.net, example.org, example.io — common alternatives.
  • Relevant ccTLDs for your target markets.
  • Common misspellings if budget allows.

Use a single registrar for easier management.

Decision checklist

  1. ☐ Audience: global vs country-specific?
  2. ☐ Trust: is .com available? If not, which alternative feels credible?
  3. ☐ Eligibility: can I legally register this TLD?
  4. ☐ Cost: what's the 5-year total (renewal × 5)?
  5. ☐ Technical: any HTTPS/DNSSEC/other requirements?
  6. ☐ Brand protection: which defensive registrations make sense?

Common scenarios

ScenarioRecommended primaryDefensive / alternatives
Global SaaS startup.com.io, .dev, .app
UK local business.co.uk or .uk.com
Personal blog/portfolio.me, .name, .com.dev (if dev)
Non-profit/NGO.org.com, .ngo
AI/ML company.ai (if .com taken).com, .io
Open source project.dev, .io, .org.com